The nurse is determining if a patient is experiencing DKA or HHNS. Which information would help the nurse in making this determination?
1. Patients with DKA exhibit Kussmaul's respirations to blow off CO2 and reduce pH levels.
2. Patients with HHNS have lower arterial pH levels than those with DKA.
3. Patients with DKA have more visual disturbances than patients with HHNS.
4. Patients with HHNS have moderate hyperglycemia, whereas patients with DKA have more severe hyperglycemia.
1
Rationale 1: Patients with DKA exhibit Kussmaul's respirations to blow off CO2 and reduce pH levels.
Rationale 2: Patients with DKA are commonly in metabolic acidosis (have lower arterial pH).
Rationale 3: Patients with HHNS have more visual disturbances due to more severe and sometimes chronic dehydration.
Rationale 4: Patients with DKA have moderate hyperglycemia, whereas patients with HHNS have more severe hyperglycemia.
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