Define "psychoactive substance" and give examples of the different categories of psychoactive drugs. Discuss whether these drugs are psychologically or physiologically addictive.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Sample Answer: Psychoactive substances alter mood, behavior, or both.Depressants result in behavioral sedation and can induce relaxation. They include alcohol (ethyl alcohol) and the sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic drugs in the families of barbiturates (e.g., Seconal) and benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium, Xanax). Depressants are physiologically addictive.Stimulants cause us to be more active and alert and can elevate mood. Included in this group are amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, and caffeine. Stimulants can be physiologically and psychologically addictive.Opiates produce analgesia temporarily (reduce pain) and euphoria. Heroin, opium, codeine, and morphine are included in this group. Opiates are physiologically and psychologically addictive.Cannabis (marijuana) produces reactions that usually include mood swings and/or heightened sensory experiences. The feelings of well-being produced by small doses can change to paranoia, hallucinations, and dizziness when larger doses are taken. Research suggests that impairments of memory, concentration, relationships with others, and employment may be negative outcomes of long-term use.Hallucinogens alter sensory perception and can produce delusions, paranoia, and hallucinations. Marijuana and LSD are included in this category. Hallucinogens are not physiologically addictive but are psychologically addictive.Other Drugs of Abuse do not fit neatly into one of the categories here include inhalants (e.g., airplane glue), anabolic steroids, and other over-the-counter and prescription medications (e.g., nitrous oxide). These substances produce a variety of psychoactive effects that are characteristic of the substances described in the previous categories.