What is meant by substrate-level phosphorylation?

a. Production of ATP by transferring phosphates directly from metabolic products to ADP
b. Splitting of glucose into two pyruvic acid molecules
c. Production of ATP using energy from a proton gradient
d. Reduction of NAD+ to NADH


Ans: a. Production of ATP by transferring phosphates directly from metabolic products to ADP

Biology & Microbiology

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Consider a tadpole becoming a toad. You would expect to find it changing its form of nitrogenous waste from

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The hormone gibberellin reduces the damage caused

by fungal infections because of which of the following? a. Increased space between individual grapes increases air circulation and reduces fungi. b. It shrinks the internodes to reduce the number of clusters that touch. c. It increases the immune response of the plant. d. It stimulates a type of signaling molecule that shuts down all fungal growth. e. None of these are true.

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Research using transgenic animal models of neurodegenerative diseases not only helps scientists understand the

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e. new drugs and treatments

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The pleomorphic bacterium (Coxiella/Legionella/Francisella) is an intracellular parasite that can lead to respiratory disease when inhaled in aerosols from freshwater sources

What will be an ideal response?

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