Why was the 12-step movement developed?

a. Abstinence from addictive substances and behaviors
b. As an approach to treatment
c. Mutual-help groups and fellowships
d. As an approach to assessment


c. Mutual-help groups and fellowships

Counseling

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One feature of an effective clinical theory is that it has the ________ and the breadth to encompass diverse clients

a. system b. strength c. perspective d. flexibility

Counseling

A criticism of existential theory is that it lacks specific techniques. Take both stances (pro and con) on this point and make compelling arguments for each

What will be an ideal response?

Counseling

Message source, content, process, and control are all part of:

a. behavior case consultation. b. interview. c. verbalization technology. d. verbal abuse.

Counseling

What recommendation did Bandura make about making punishment useful?

a. As long as punishments are consistent and immediate, they will eventually have lasting results. b. Punishment is not necessary if the authority figure will offer a reasoned explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable c. Bandura said that punishment just doesn’t work—that positive reinforcement is the only consistent way to change behavior. d. Combining negative consequences with a reasoned explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable produces more future self-restraint than punishment alone. e. Combining negative consequences with positive reinforcement for good behavior is the most effective form of behavior modification.

Counseling