According to research cited in the text, both black and white officers were significantly more likely to perceive black drivers as disrespectful, noncompliant, and/or resistant
a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
True
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Calculate the within-group sum of squares
What will be an ideal response?
The concept of “crime victim” has been most readily applied to victims of:
a. racism b. white collar crime c. conventional predatory crime d. organized crime
Research on social strain theory indicates that:
a. crime results from changing norms and values that accompany shifts to urbanization and industrialization. b. rehabilitation and treatment can make society a better place. c. the police need to patrol crime-ridden communities more regularly to lower crime rates. d. effects of economic pressures and income inequality are mediated through key social institutions such as the family and education. e. all of the above.
Which of the following is NOT a basic concept of Western criminal law?
a. offense b. guilt c. punishment d. death