Research on schizophrenia has found that:
a. infections appear to trigger immune responses that are protective and decrease the risk of schizophrenia.
b. if one fraternal twin has schizophrenia, there is an 80% chance the other twin will have schizophrenia as well.
c. women who have the flu during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to babies who will develop schizophrenia.
d. two specific genes serve as markers for schizophrenia and can accurately predict the likelihood an individual will develop schizophrenia.
C
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Which of the following statements illuminates a significant shortcoming in the results of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
A. Meeting diagnostic criteria is synonymous with serious impairment by the disorder. B. The lifetime prevalence rates are likely underestimated, as the NCS-R study did not assess eating disorders, schizophrenia, or autism. C. The lifetime prevalence rates are likely overestimated, as the NCS-R study assessed eating disorders, schizophrenia, and autism. D. The NCS-R data is well over two decades old, and therefore irrelevant.
In neurocognitive disorders, ____
a. social and psychological factors play no role b. brain dysfunctions cause problems with thinking processes, memory, consciousness, and perception c. there may be symptoms of brain pathology, but no organic cause is assumed d. psychological factors cause the brain to malfunction
After you roughly bump part of your body—say your shin or your “funny bone”—into something and experience pain as a result, you may help to decrease that sense of pain by rubbing the injured area. The _____ provides some insight as to why rubbing the area helps to lower the pain that you feel.
a. ?auxiliary theory b. ?gate theory c. ?obstruction theory d. ?buffer theory
Elijah is an aloof person. He has a steady job, but he spends most of his time working alone. When he does interact with others, he seems indifferent to them. He's married but his wife is unhappy; she describes Elijah as distant and unaffectionate, with no interest in participating in family activities. A therapist using the categorical diagnostic model would most likely diagnose Elijah with _____ personality disorder.
a. borderline b. antisocial c. paranoid d. schizoid