The nurse assesses the frostbite on the victim's hands and feet to be second-degree frostbite because the skin is:
a. reddened and has hard white plaques.
b. waxy and has sensory deficits.
c. reddened and has blisters filled with milky fluid.
d. waxy and has blisters filled with blood.
C
Frostbite is categorized by degree of injury, much like burns. The appearance of a first-degree injury includes reddened skin, swelling, waxy appearance, hard white plaques, and sensory defi-cit. Second-degree injury also has redness and swelling and formation of blisters filled with clear or milky fluid that form within 24 hours of injury. In third-degree injury, the blisters are blood filled followed by black eschar forming over several weeks. Fourth-degree injury involves full-thickness damage affecting muscles, tendons, and bone, resulting in tissue loss.
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