What is the clinical picture of oppositional defiant disorder? How is this disorder related to
conduct disorder?
What will be an ideal response?
The key characteristics of oppositional defiant disorder are persistent negativism,
disobedience, and hostile behavior toward authority figures. This pattern must last at least
six months and usually begins by age 6. Conduct disorder involves many of the same
behaviors but usually has its onset at age 9 or later. While about one-quarter of children
who have oppositional defiant disorder go on to develop conduct disorder, virtually every
child with conduct disorder had oppositional defiant disorder earlier in life.
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Regarding research on pubertal timing, which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Both boys and girls seem to benefit from early maturation. b. Both girls and boys seem to benefit from late maturation. c. Boys tend to benefit from early maturation, while girls tend to benefit from late maturation. d. Girls tend to benefit from early maturation, while boys tend to benefit from late maturation. e. Neither boys nor girls benefit from early maturation.
"I have good news and bad news about my grades," Peter told his father. "The good news is very good and the bad news is not so bad!" What strategy is Peter using to soften his father's judgment about his grades?
a. availability heuristic c. representativeness heuristic b. anchoring and adjustment heuristic d. framing effect
Both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies find that boys' and girls' openness to experience __________ between age 11 and age 18.
A. increases B. decreases C. fluctuates D. remains unchanged
A ___________ provides vision and is more concerned with the direction of an organization, including its goals and objectives.
a. manager b. leader c. player d. none of the above