Relative contraindications for using noninvasive ventilation (NIV) include all of the following except:
a. severe upper airway dysfunction.
b. copious secretions that require suctioning.
c. FiO2 requirements exceeding 40%.
d. absence of respiratory muscle activity.
ANS: D
Relative contraindications to NIV include severe upper airway dysfunction, copious secretions that cannot be cleared by spontaneous or assisted cough, or O2 concentration requirements ex-ceeding 40%.
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