A child who has been in good health has a platelet count of 45,000/mm3, petechiae, and excessive bruising that covers the body. The nurse is aware that these signs are clinical manifestations of
a. Erythroblastopenia
b. von Willebrand disease
c. Hemophilia
d. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
D
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A The clinical manifestations of erythroblastopenia are pallor, lethargy, headache,
fainting, and a history of upper respiratory infection.
B The clinical manifestations of von Willebrand disease are bleeding from the
gums or nose, prolonged bleeding from cuts, and excessive bleeding after
surgery or trauma.
C Bleeding is the clinical manifestation of hemophilia and results from a deficiency
of normal factor activity necessary to produce blood clotting.
D Excessive bruising and petechiae, especially involving the mucous membranes
and gums in a child who is otherwise healthy, are the clinical manifestations of
ITP, resulting from decreased platelets. The etiology of ITP is unknown, but it is
considered to be an autoimmune process.
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