A nurse is teaching a patient who will undergo chemotherapy with fluorouracil (Adrucil) to treat a solid tumor. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of this chemotherapeutic agent's actions?
a. "Fluorouracil acts to deprive cancer cells of thymidylate needed to make DNA."
b. "Fluorouracil causes accumulation of adenosine, which inhibits DNA synthesis."
c. "Fluorouracil disrupts the biosynthesis of nucleic acids."
d. "Fluorouracil inhibits DNA polymerase in cancer cells."
ANS: A
Fluorouracil acts by depriving cancer cells of thymidylate, which is necessary to make DNA. It does not cause the accumulation of adenosine, disrupt the biosynthesis of nucleic acids, or inhibit DNA polymerase.
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The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the nurse that the client has pulled the IV catheter out again and is not oriented to time or place. Which task could the nurse safely delegate to the UAP at this time?
1. Applying wrist restraints 2. Calling the health care provider to obtain an order for restraints 3. Getting mitt restraints from the supply room and meeting the nurse in the client's room 4. Applying some form of restraint to limit the client's ability to pull the IV line out again
A client is receiving gentamicin. Assessment of which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is developing nephrotoxicity? Select all that apply
A) Proteinuria B) Hematuria C) Decreased urine output D) Increased serum creatinine E) Decreased fluid intake
At 1000 a nurse receives 2 units of blood for a patient to be transfused. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
a. Set up 1 unit for the infusion to start by 1030 and send the other unit back until the first one has infused b. Set up both units to infuse at the same time and to start at 1100. c. Set up one unit for infusion and place the other in the refrigerator for the later infu-sion. d. Send both units back and ask for a reissue of 1 unit only.
Which of the following treatment approaches has been found to be helpful in assisting a child with a diagnosis of autism to learn and acquire language?
a. intensive, sustained special education programs, and behavior therapy beginning early b. mainstreaming the child with autism with the regular public school classroom c. extensive pet therapy with small animals d. intensive art therapy to promote expression