Differentiate between T-cytotoxic (TC) cells and T-helper (TH) cells
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: TC cells interact with an infected cell by an MHC I protein and secrete proteins that kill the antigen-bearing infected cell. TH cells interact with peptide-MHC II complexes on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. This interaction causes differentiation of the TH cells into two subsets TH1 and TH2, which respond by proliferating and producing soluble cytokines that interact with receptors on other cells and activate them to initiate an immune response. TH are incapable of killing infected or foreign cells. The job of TH cells is to activate the adaptive immune response.
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If you touch a hot stove and burn your hand, the pain isn’t actually in your hand—it’s in your head. What evidence can you provide to substantiate this claim?
A. A reflex arc allows the quick response between the hand and the brain; no interpretation occurs. B. Sensory neurons and interneurons carry the heat sensation to the brain where it is interpreted as painful. C. Motor neurons pull your hand away from the flame, signaling pain to the brain. D. Interneurons form connections directly from the burned receptor molecules to the brain.
The cortical reaction causes
A. the zona pellucida or vitelline layer to harden. B. the embryo to embed into the uterus. C. egg membrane depolarization. D. the sperm to bind to the egg membrane. E. fast block polyspermy.
A complete cycle of contraction and relaxation of muscle cells due to stimulation by a motor neuron is called a muscle ________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
ATP carries stored potential energy and transfers it via the formation of:
a) permanent covalent bonds b) phosphate bonds c) hydrogen bonds d) ionic bonds