Chemical signals produced by leukocytes that affect other leukocytes are ____.
What will be an ideal response?
interleukins
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Young male white-crowned sparrows that were experimentally raised without ever hearing the song of their species
____.
a. instinctively performed the song perfectly b. never sang at all c. sang a poorly developed, but similar, version of their species' song d. sang a recognizable version of an ancestral species’ song e. never sang the way wild males do
All science begins with ________, which is the first step in the process known as the scientific method
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Which statement best describes type 1 diabetes?
A. Near-normal insulin levels are maintained. B. Beta cells are hyperactive. C. It is the more common form of diabetes. D. Insulin-producing cells are attacked by the immune system. E. It often occurs as a result of obesity.
What is the mechanism by which binding of testosterone to the testosterone receptor leads to upregulated gene transcription?
A. Binding of testosterone to the testosterone receptor leads to the increase in second messengers that activate a kinase cascade, ultimately leading to the activation of transcription factors that promote gene transcription. B. Binding of testosterone to the testosterone receptor leads to the activation of a G protein that stimulates the activation of enzymes that promote gene transcription. C. Binding of testosterone to the testosterone receptor leads to a conformational change that allows the receptor to enter the nucleus where it can bind to DNA and promote gene transcription. D. Binding of testosterone to the testosterone receptor leads to the opening of an ion channel that leads to an increase in calcium in the cytoplasm. The increased calcium levels activate calmodulin, which can go on to activate other proteins that promote gene transcription.