When caring for a client with new-onset diabetes, which of the following diagnostic tests supports this diagnosis?
1. Hemoglobin A1C of 8.4
2. Fasting glucose level of 74 mg/dL
3. Proteinuria
4. Hypokalemia
Hemoglobin A1C of 8.4
Rationale: Glycemic control over the last 3 months is best reflected in the HbA1C test. When hyperglycemia is present, glucose permanently enters the red blood cell and remains for the life span of the cell. A fasting blood glucose level of 74 mg/dL is normal. Proteinuria is present in processes that damage the glomerulus. Hypokalemia may be caused by many factors, including diuretics, medications such as corticosteroids, and vomiting; it is not specific to diabetes.
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