Which of the following accurately describes how we perceive and interpret the visual world?
A) We always start with small details and use them to build a recognizable whole.
B) We always start with our expectations of what we are looking at, which guides how we will perceive it.
C) Perception involves neither top-down nor bottom-up processing.
D) Perception is a combination of both top-down and bottom-up processing.
Answer: D
Rationale: We perceive the world is a combination of both top-down and bottom-up processing—it is hard to imagine not having some kind of expectation about an experience, and even harder to imagine perception without some kind of raw sensation.
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