While walking barefoot along the beach, you step on a shard of glass and reflexively lift your injured foot. Which path did the reflex to lift your foot take?
A) Sensory nerve ? spinal cord ? brain ? spinal cord ? motor nerve ? effector
B) Sensory nerve ? spinal cord ? motor nerve ? effector
C) Motor nerve ? spinal cord ? brain ? spinal cord ? sensory nerve ? effector
D) Motor nerve ? sensory nerve ? spinal cord ? brain
E) Sensory nerve ? motor nerve ? spinal cord ? brain
B
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Lions in east African safari parks learn to ignore the presence of safari vehicles. This form is learning is
A. compensatory. B. operant. C. cognitive. D. genetic. E. habituation.
Directional, light-triggered plant development is known as
A. thigmotropism. B. phototropism. C. thigmonasty. D. photomorphogenesis. E. acid-growth movement.
Vascular plant bodies typically consist of a(n) ____ shoot system and a ____ root system
a. photosynthetic; photosynthetic b. nonphotosynthetic; photosynthetic c. photosynthetic; nonphotosynthetic d. nonphotosynthetic; nonphotosynthetic e. autotrophic; heterotrophic
In the experiment by Davis et al., only fibroblast cells that took up the cloned myoD gene differentiated into muscle cells. This is because
A. myoD is the gene for myosin and the presence of myosin converts the fibroblast into a muscle cell. B. MyoD is a transcription factor that shut off fibroblast specific genes, allowing the muscle cell characteristics to show up. C. only those cells contained muscle-cell-specific enhancer sequences. D. MyoA and MyoH are transcription factors that shut off muscle-specific genes. E. MyoD is a transcription factor that turned on muscle-specific genes such as myosin.