The result of a hypothesis is described in terms of the probability of obtaining a particular sample. Use the given context to formulate the null and alternative hypotheses. Discuss whether the sample provides evidence for rejecting the null hypothesis.In the city of Heathville, the proportion of births that are by Caesarean section is 0.23 (23%). A small private hospital claims that at their hospital, the proportion of Caesarean births is lower. In a random sample of 120 births at the private hospital, the proportion of Caesarean births was 0.18. Assuming that the true proportion of Caesarean births at the private hospital is 0.23, the probability of selecting a sample in which the proportion of Caesareans is 0.18 or less is roughly 0.09.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Null hypothesis: proportion of births by Caesarean section = 0.23
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of births by Caesarean section < 0.23
Result is not significant at the 0.05 level. There are no grounds for rejecting the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of Caesarean births at the private hospital is less than 0.23.