The nurse recognizes the primary reason that an infant delivered at 33 weeks' gestation is at high risk for respiratory distress is that:
a. The rib cage is poorly developed.
b. Surfactant is inadequate to maintain lung inflation.
c. The central nervous system is not sensitive to low oxygen levels.
d. Lack of motor activity predisposes the infant to the hazards of immobility.
ANS: B
Before the thirty-fifth week, the fetal lungs are not usually capable of producing enough surfactant to prevent alveolar collapse on expiration, resulting in reduced exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. This causes hypoxia, decreased pulmonary blood flow, and depletion of the newborn's energy.
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Analysis has shown that a client's right atrial pressure is 30 mm Hg. What is the most likely conclusion that the client's care team will draw from this piece of data?
A) The result is likely normal and gravity dependent given the lack of valves in thoracic and central veins. B) The pressure is insufficient to provide adequate stroke volume and cardiac output. C) The pressure is excessive given that the right atrium should be at atmospheric pressure. D) Pressure pulsations are likely to be undetectable given the low atrial pressure.
If a client has a positive skin test for tuberculosis (TB), the nurse knows this result indicates that the client:
a. needs further testing b. has been infected with and has formed antibodies against tuberculosis c. has been infected with tuberculosis and requires immediate treatment d. has only been exposed to tuberculosis
The nurse is teaching a nutrition class and knows the students understand the content of the lecture on nutrition and diabetes when a student is heard to say, "Nutrition therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for" which of the following?
A) Pregnant diabetics C) Type 2 diabetics B) Type 1 diabetics D) All diabetics
Which of the following medical conditions is not considered restrictive for engaging in physical activity?
A. Unstable angina B. Dehydration C. Depression D. Uncontrolled tachycardia