A __________________ is a type of experimental research in which neither the subjects nor the person who directly deals with the subjects for the experimenter knows the specifics of the experiment

a. experimenter expectancy
b. external validity
c. Hawthorne Effect
d. double-blind experiment
e. contamination effect


D

Criminal Justice

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Mark is learning about the history of police. He wants to find out if police always protected the public, served the community, and attempted to catch criminals the way they do now. He dives into his history book and finds that the first organized police force was established in 1829. In his studies of policing in early and medieval England, Mark learns about what early practice?

A. Just and peaceful patrol B. Public justice and town hangings C. Tithings and the hue and cry D. Peacekeeping and patrol

Criminal Justice

While crime was rising in the 1960s in the United States, crime was decreasing in Japan. This observation is significant because:

a. It highlighted the inaccuracy of our statistics on crime, since it is common knowledge that crime rates are consistent across nations. b. It proved beyond a reasonable doubt that American society is particularly prone to criminality. c. It discredited the assumption that modernization inevitably produces increased criminality. d. It provided support for the long-held notion that modernization inevitably leads to an increase in criminality.

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The legal concept of insanity is based upon claims of mental illness

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

Due process is violated when a defendant cannot understand what ishappening to him in a trial

a. True b. False

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