In addition to the role of both informational and normative conformity pressures, participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments (e.g., Milgram, 1974) administered escalating shocks to a confederate learner because they
a. became trapped in conflicting norm demands.
b. failed to take the perspective of the experimenter.
c. ignored social norms once they entered the experimental setting.
d. were motivated to reduce the ambiguity of this distressing situation.
Answer: A
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