_______________ see themselves as needing to use threats and punishment in order to get compliance from the offender. These officers may also view the offender as a “lower class” of individual and are likely to see punitive methods of control as the only type of mechanism that the offender population will or can understand. They will likely have a morally judgmental view of their caseload. These officers will place the highest emphasis on control and protection of the public against offenders, and they will also be suspicious of offenders on their caseload.

a. Paternal officers
b. Punitive officers
c. Welfare workers
d. Passive agents


b. Punitive officers

Criminal Justice

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Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a root markup language that is derived from and similar in some ways to ________

A) Internet Protocols B) Interchangeable Markup Language (IML) C) Non-descriptive Markup Language (MNL) D) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Criminal Justice

Discrete variables may be divided into an infinite number of subparts

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Criminal Justice

Major gangs have made ______ an important source of income, and activities in this area have become even more lucrative with the advent of a street market for a variety of drugs.

A. sale of stolen property B. narcotics manufacturing C. narcotics theft D. narcotics trafficking

Criminal Justice

Failure to recall a detail about a crime or recognize the perpetrator is considered:

a. an error of commission. b. faulty acquisition. c. an error of omission. d. retention failure.

Criminal Justice