The nurse works in a small rural hospital with a wide variety of clients. Of the clients admitted this afternoon, the nurse recognizes that the individual with which of the following conditions is most susceptible to infection?
a. Burns
b. Diabetes
c. Pulmonary emphysema
d. Peripheral vascular disease
A
Burn clients have a very high susceptibility to infection because of the damage to skin surfaces. This would be the individual with the highest risk for infection.
Victims of chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis, are susceptible to infection because of general debilitation and nutritional impairment. However, the client with diabetes would not have the highest risk for infection in this instance.
Diseases that impair body-system defenses, such as emphysema and bronchitis (which impair ciliary action and thicken mucus), increase susceptibility to infection. However, the client with pulmonary emphysema would not have the highest risk for infection in this instance.
Diseases that impair body-system defenses, such as peripheral vascular disease (which reduces blood flow to injured tissues), increase susceptibility to infection. However, the client with pe-ripheral vascular disease would not have the highest risk for infection in this instance.
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