Cognitive dissonance results from
a. personal emotions such as feelings of hostility or insecurity.
b. a low level of knowledge due to poor education.
c. the difficulty in processing information under conditions of uncertainty.
d. filtering of information inconsistent with existing images.
C
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Which of the following is a potential biasing factor in gathering data for program evaluation?
A) Clients that feel the program has been helpful may inflate effectiveness ratings to insure continued funding. B) Staff members may inflate their ratings of effectiveness because they need to feel they are doing important work and not wasting their time. C) Clients may feel that better programs could be implemented and may therefore deflate their ratings of the current program. D) All of the above
Which of the following is a primary player in the development of the federal budget?
a. individual interest groups b. Board of State Governors c. Office of Management and Budget d. the Senate Financial Committee
The federal bureaucracy currently employs millions of people. Comparatively, during the administration of President George Washington the total number of agencies was _____ and the total number of federal employees was _____
a. two; ten
b. three; about fifty
c. four; about one hundred and eighty
d. six; more than one thousand
e. twelve; more than fifteen thousand
Which of the following is an example of the international context aggravating a civil war situation in a country?
A. a colonial power leaving a colony without setting up strong political institutions B. a neighboring country's government financing insurgents in the home country C. a country sending aid to a country trying to cope with a civil war D. a colonial power building bridges and roads in a colony merely to extract profit from the colony E. a group of people uprising against the weak governmental machinery in their country