If the patient asks the nurse where the medication is placed during an epidural block, the most appropriate response is that the anesthetic is introduced:
a. Near the dural sac in the lumbar region of the spine
b. Into the intravenous line in the arm
c. Near the dural sac in the cervical area of the spine
d. To the perineal area
ANS: A
With an epidural block, the anesthetic is injected into the epidural space, located inside the vertebral column surrounding the dural sac in the lumbar region of the spine.
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An 18-month-old toddler scheduled for routine vaccinations begins to cry when placed on the examination table. The parent attempts to comfort the toddler, but nothing is effective. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
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The nurse knows that a patient may develop sensorineural hearing loss as a result of ototoxic drugs. Which patient would be at the highest risk for this type of hearing deficit?
1. a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on high doses of vancomycin (Vancocin)) 2. the patient on low-dose aspirin to prevent stroke 3. a patient on steroids (Prednisone) for chronic spondylolisthesis 4. the patient using atorvastatin (Lipitor) to prevent heart disease and stroke
A client in your care in a nursing home asks for nutritional pudding supplements all day. You notice that staff often respond to the request and then the client does not eat the food served at mealtime. You decide to:
1. Post a chart that staff must sign when they give the client pudding, and limit the servings to twice a day at least two hours before or after meals. 2. Ignore the problem since the client probably gets more nutrients eating the supplements than eating the meals. 3. Inform the client that too many servings of pudding are not good and meals are a better nutritional option. 4. Ask the kitchen to provide the client with small portions of meals since they are discarded anyway.
Which information noted on a psychosocial assessment is of greatest concern when identifying risk factors for the possible development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for a soldier about to be deployed to a war zone?
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