Which of the following is true according to the theory of reintegrative shaming?

a., stigmatization decreases the attraction to criminal subcultures
b. stigmatization increases the attraction to criminal subcultures
c. stigmatization involves reconciling the offender with the community
d. stigmatization leads to effective control


a., stigmatization decreases the attraction to criminal subcultures

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions?

A. Selection of agencies B. Net widening effect C. Treatment follow-up D. Selection of clients

Criminal Justice

.The death penalty has long been one of the most controversial aspects of the justice system. It is known that executions may actually increase the likelihood of murders being committed, rather than deterring new murders. This increase is a consequence referred to as:

a. inevitable consequence. b. execution ramification. c. execution artifact. d. brutalization effect.

Criminal Justice

Prostitution includes the common lewdness of a woman for gain

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

________ takes place when an officer reads an order and attempts to place it in behavior terms

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice