The nurse is caring for a patient with early-onset dementia. Which statement should the nurse use to assess the patient's abstraction capacity?
1. "Please tell me the name of our president."
2. "Please spell the word 'world' forward and backward."
3. "Please tell me your name, the date, and where you are right now."
4. "Please tell me the meaning of the statement, 'A picture paints a thousand words.'"
4. "Please tell me the meaning of the statement, 'A picture paints a thousand words.'"
Explanation:
Assessing abstraction capacity is a part of the psychological domain. One way to assess abstraction capacity is to ask the patient to state the meaning of a popular proverb. The patient's response is then interpreted as being literal, concrete, abstract, or incoherent. Asking the patient to spell the word "world" forward or backward assesses the patient's attention and concentration. Asking the patient to state the president's name assesses the patient's fund of general information. Asking the patient to state name, date, and location assesses orientation.
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