Which of these is the basis for a caliph's rule?
A) an agreement binding both ruler and ruled
B) political legitimacy
C) election by the umma
D) direct descent from Muhammad
Answer: A
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The growing forces of liberalism and nationalism in central Europe were exemplified by the
A) increased liberal reforms of Frederick William III of Prussia between 1815 and 1840. B) national affinity and unity felt by the many Austrian ethnic groups under Frederick II. C) liberal constitutions of the states of the German Confederation. D) Burschenschaften, the student societies of Germany. E) the enlightened leadership of central European political elites.
Why was the Pullman Company an early area for black labor organizing?
A) The company provided the lowest wages available for any blacks. B) By the 1920s, it was the largest employer of black people in America. C) They utilized blacks' educational skills in engineering and developing technology for railroads. D) They were not discriminatory and allowed blacks great freedom in their jobs.
Why did the Paris Commune ultimately fail?
a) It was first demonized by the government in Versailles, and then ruthlessly and violently crushed with military force. b) The communards did not really believe in their revolt. Consider This: To what extent was the population of Paris a microcosm of the French state? See 9.4: Marxism Applied. c) Napoleon III made a secret agreement with the Prussians to crush the Paris Commune. Consider This: To what extent was the population of Paris a microcosm of the French state? See 9.4: Marxism Applied. d) The British, who had pledged secret financial support, never sent the money. Consider This: To what extent was the population of Paris a microcosm of the French state? See 9.4: Marxism Applied.
The main goal of the education provided by the universities that arose in Europe during the High Middle Ages was to
a. provide technical training for aspiring businessmen and merchants. b. support research aimed at discovering the laws of physical nature. c. organize and harmonize traditionally accepted truths. d. replace the church and the clergy as the source of "knowledge."