Describe "historical exposure" (also known as historical contingency) and how it applies to the human microbiome.
What will be an ideal response?
Differences in historical exposures (e.g. microbes available to colonize) could lead to differences in the species composition of microbial communities in different human habitats (i.e. locations on or inside the body). For example, when a microbial community from the tongue is transplanted onto the forearm, it tends to remain similar in composition to the original transplant (tongue) community (in terms of phylogenetic diversity and species composition). This suggests that if a microbial species can colonize the forearm, it is likely to remain there as a member of the community.
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Describe how a pharmaceutical company might use a bioassay to identify potential drugs in rainforest plants.
What will be an ideal response?
Sporophyte plants produce spores using:a
mitosis. b. meiosis. c. fertilization. d. macrogenesis. e. microgenesis.
Animal bodies are organized along the ________ axes.
A. dorsoventral, cranioposterior, and right-left B. dorsoventral, cranioposterior, and segmented C. apicalventral, anteroposterior, and right-left D. dorsoventral, anteroposterior, and left-right E. dorsoventral, anteroposterior, and segmented
Name the individual who, while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s, demonstrated quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors
A) Barbara McClintock B) Walter Sutton C) George Wallace D) Theodor Boveri E) Gregor Mendel