The nurse is preparing to administer a 5% dextrose in water (D5W) infusion to a client. Which explanation as to why the infusion is ordered is the most accurate?
1. "This is a colloid, and will increase the client's blood pressure."
2. "This medication is isotonic in its container, but when infused, the solution becomes hypotonic."
3. "This medication is hypotonic and will cause fluid to shift from the intravascular space into the interstitial and intracellular spaces."
4. "This medication is hypertonic and will cause fluid to shift from the extravascular space into the vascular space."
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: D5W is not a colloid.
Rationale 2: D5W is isotonic in the container. When infused, the dextrose is quickly metabolized in the body, leaving only water, and the solution becomes hypotonic.
Rationale 3: D5W is not a hypotonic solution.
Rationale 4: D5W is not a hypertonic solution.
Global Rationale: D5W is isotonic in the container. When infused, the dextrose is quickly metabolized in the body, leaving only water, and the solution becomes hypotonic. D5W is not a colloid, hypotonic or hypertonic solution.
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