In terms of the processes of memory, _____ refers to transforming the information into a form that can be stored in memory
a) storage
b) encoding
c) metacognition
d) retrieval
Answer: b
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In an experiment, rats are exposed to a loud noise. One group is able to escape the noise by pushing a lever. The second group has no lever available and therefore cannot escape the noise. After several trials, both groups are put in situations where they can escape. The first group escapes the noise, but the second group just sits and cowers, refusing to attempt to escape the noise. The response of the second group is due to __________.
A. learned helplessness B. contingency blocking C. latent learning D. response generalization
Twin studies help us estimate how much of a trait or behavior is attributable to ______, whereas adoption studies shed light on the extent to which attributes and behaviors are influenced by ______.
A. genes; the environment B. the environment; genes C. siblings; parents D. random events; a controlled environment
Failure to retrieve information when more recently learned information interferes is
called a. proactive interference. b. decay. c. motivated forgetting. d. retroactive interference. e. retrograde interference.
Research on human brain tissue has found that human brains are ________
a. capable of neurogenesis only during early childhood b. capable of neurogenesis only through adolescence c. capable of neurogenesis even in adulthood d. not capable of neurogenesis after birth