In which decade did probation officers begin providing offenders with concrete social services such as assistance with employment, housing, finances, and education
a. 1940s
b. 1950s
c. 1960s
d. 1970s
e. 1980s
c
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A _______ is an objective third-party who attempts to negotiate an end to a prison crisis
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
What happens if an appellate court vacates an offenders’ sentence?
a. The offender receives a pardon b. The case will be sent back to the trial court for resentencing c. The case will be retried d. The defendants’ sentence will be reduced
Compare the following two causal models: (A) Homelessness results in high levels of drug use, which in turn increase criminal behavior. (B) Drug use results in a greater likelihood of homelessness and in more criminal behaviors. When drug use is statistically controlled, the relation between homelessness and criminal behavior disappears. What is the causal role of drug use in models A and B?
a. Intervening in A, extraneous in B b. Extraneous in A, intervening in B c. No causal role in either A or B d. Extraneous in both
White collar crime is a sociological phenomenon, and accordingly other disciplines have little to contribute to our understanding of it
Indicate whether the statement is true or false