How has plant and animal breeding been modified?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Plant and animal breeding started with selective breeding, for example, breeding sheep together that have the thickest coats. This breeding could take a long time, perhaps several generations, before major changes occurred in the animals or plants. Selective breeding was accomplished through artifi cial insemination, in which the semen of an animal with desired traits is transferred to a female. Artificial insemination prevents animals from being injured during mating. With genetic engineering, choice animals can be cloned (duplicated), so selective breeding is not needed or desirable genes and their associated phenotypes can be cloned into animals and plants producing the desired GM species. In both cases, negative side effects exist, such as inbreeding problems (hip dysplasia in dogs). Genetic engineering
has produced lethal changes in experimental animals resulting in death.