Which is larger, a liter or a quart?
A liter
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A blood warmer is often used in certain clinical transfusion procedures. While safely storing and preserving blood requires refrigeration, cold blood when used in rapid transfusion procedures could cause clinically dangerous hypothermia in a patient. A new compact and miniature heat exchanger has been proposed that is used “inline” with the transfusion delivery system. It consists of a multi-tube bundle of 5-mm diameter tubes arranged in an equilateral-triangular array with tube centers 7.5 mm apart. Blood flows inside the tubes and is warmed by a heated airstream that is in external cross flow such that the tube surface is maintained at 40°C. The inlet air flow to the tube array is at 70°C with a free stream velocity of 2 m/s, and there are five lateral or transverse rows in the
bundle. Determine the average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in the airstream. Also, what is the change in both of these quantities if the tube center-to-center pitch is reduced to 6.0 mm? GIVEN Heated air flowing over an equilateral staggered tube bank Air temperatures Tair,in = 70°C Number of tube rows (N) = 5 Tube diameter (D) = 5 mm= 0.005 m Center to center pitch(S) = 7.5 mm=0.0075 m Free stream velocity (Ua) = 2 m/s Tube surface temperature (Tt) = 40°C FIND The average heat transfer coefficient ( h c) and pressure drop in airstream. Change in average heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop when center to center pitch is reduced to 6 mm. ASSUMPTIONS Steady state The correlation of Equation 6.38 can be applied to a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.5 Tube wall temperature is uniform and constant
The force per unit area exerted by an electromagnetic wave is called the
A) energy density. B) power. C) intensity. D) radiation pressure. E) radiation field.
Why do we conclude that a starburst must represent only a temporary stage in galaxy evolution?
A) We observe starbursts to last only a few years in any individual galaxy before the starburst ends. B) The star formation rate of a starburst would consume all available gas for star formation in a time much shorter than the age of the universe. C) We don't see any starbursts occurring in nearby galaxies. D) Galaxies with starbursts are all very far away, indicating that these starbursts occurred only very long ago.
If the freezing point of ices of all types were at a much lower temperature, what change would that imply for the formation of our solar system?
A) The gas giants would have to form at a larger distance. B) The gas giants could have formed at a closer distance. C) There would be no change in where gas giants could form, because the freezing point of ices did not affect the formation of gas giants.