All of the following are found in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria EXCEPT_______
a. peptidoglycan
b. teichoic acid
c. lipid A
d. N-acetylglucosamine
e. lipoteichoic acid
Ans: c. lipid A
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In the 1950s, Earl Sutherland and colleagues discovered that epinephrine ____
a. leads to release of a second messenger that ultimately results in hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose b. leads to release of a second messenger that lowers blood glucose by causing it to bind to liver cells c. interacts directly with the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase d. interacts directly with the cell membrane to help transport glucose into the cell e. is a signaling molecule that does not require a cell surface receptor
Which of the following lead to increased genetic diversity?
a. crossing over b. nondisjunction c. telophase d. metaphase
What type of protein is PTEN, which is mutated in 50% of prostate cancers?
A) kinase B) phosphatase C) growth factor receptor D) G protein E) ubiquitin ligase
The type of allograft rejection associated with fibrosis and scarring of vessel lumens is:
A. a hyperacute rejection. B. an acute antibody-mediated rejection. C. an acute cellular rejection. D. a chronic rejection.