If the exact degree of difference between two scores has no meaning beyond the fact that one ishigher than the other, the level of measurement is
A) nominal.
B) extraneous.
C) rank-order.
D) equal-interval.
C
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In a study on the effects of the amount of sleep on driving performance, researchers predict that those in the group that is allowed more sleep will exhibit better driving performance. The researchers are using _____
a. a two-tailed hypothesis b. a directional hypothesis c. a one-tailed hypothesis d. both directional and one-tailed hypotheses
The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called _____
a) operant conditioning. b) classical conditioning. c) effective based learning. d) spontaneous recovery.
According to Piaget, when a child turns 10 years old, he/she is fully aware that formal game rules can be modified if the people playing agree. This is called __________
a) autonomous cooperation b) heteronomous morality c) incipient cooperation d) resilience
In a study investigating the tangible costs of discrimination, researchers studied the audition techniques and hiring decisions of 11 major orchestras as a function of how applicants were auditioned. They found that
A) female musicians fared better when the judges viewed their performance. B) concealed auditions decreased the likelihood that female musicians would advance to later rounds of auditions. C) concealed auditions almost doubled the likelihood that female musicians would win the job. D) when their gender was known, female musicians were more likely to win the job.