Following the decision in Illinois v. Gates (1983), _____
a. all states and the federal government have adopted the totality of circumstances approach
b. all states adopted totality of circumstances, but the federal government retained the Aguilar-Spinelli criteria
c. the totality of circumstances approach was subsequently overruled
d. some states rejected the Gates decision and retained the Aguilar-Spinelli criteria on the basis of their own state constitutions
d
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What will be an ideal response?
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A) ?subcultural traditional B) ?Sicilian Mafia-style C) ?bureaucratic D) ?open
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Which of the following types of jurisdiction is the court's power to hear a particular type of case?
A. appellate B. personal C. special D. subject matter