A patient shows loss of consciousness, jaw clenching, contraction and relaxation of muscle groups, and periods of cyanosis. The nurse correctly identifies this as which type of seizure?
a. Tonic-clonic
b. Petit mal
c. Myoclonic
d. Atonic
ANS: A
Tonic-clonic seizures (or grand mal seizures) are considered generalized seizures and are manifested by a loss of consciousness, jaw clenching, muscle relaxation alternating with muscle contractions, and periods of cyanosis. Absence seizures (or petit mal seizures) are characterized by loss of consciousness for a brief period and usually involve eye blinking and staring into space. Myoclonic seizures consist of sudden contractions that may be limited to one limb or may involve the entire body. Atonic seizures are characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone.
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