The ethanol shock or heat shock test will separate which two bacteria?
a. C. perfringens and Clostridium ramosum
b. Clostridium and Bifidobacterium
c. Actinomyces and Bifidobacterium
d. Eubacterium and Eggerthella
B
Of the bacteria listed, the clostridia are the endospore-forming, anaerobic, and gram-positive ba-cilli. If spores are not present on Gram stain, then the ethanol shock or heat shock spore test will separate this group from the non–spore-forming anaerobic bacilli such as Bifidobacterium.
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A large lateral spine is characteristic of which Schistosoma egg?
a. Schistosoma mansoni b. Schistosoma japonicum c. S. haematobium d. Schistosoma mekongi
The presence of the loop of Henle allows which animals to reabsorb water and produce a hypertonic urine?
A. birds B. marine fish C. mammals D. birds and mammals E. freshwater fish and mammals F. birds and reptiles
Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?
A. Software aligns sequences and assemble large portions of genomes. B. The samples are subject to polymerase chain reaction for amplification. C. Proteins are extracted from an environment, fragmented, and adaptors are added. D. The sequences of the amplified fragments are determined by next-generation methods.
Human muscle is made up of
a. slow-twitch fibers. b. fibrous connective tissue. c. polymerated red blood cells. d. fast-twitch fibers. e. a mixture of slow- and fast-twitch muscles.