The nurse is preparing to assess an older adult client diagnosed with emphysema. Which anatomical change does the nurse anticipate when performing this client's assessment?
1. Funnel chest.
2. Barrel chest.
3. Pigeon chest.
4. Scoliosis.
Correct Answer: 2
Clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often have barrel chests. Aging can result in a barrel chest. Funnel chest is a congenital deformity characterized by depression of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilage. Pigeon chest is a congenital deformity that is characterized by forward displacement of the sternum with depression of the adjacent costal cartilage. Scoliosis is a condition in which there is lateral curvature and rotation of the thoracic and lumbar spine.
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