What were the problems that undermined the Congress System in achieving a balance of power?
What will be an ideal response?
Although territorial redistribution was accomplished through the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and even brought in France to participate in a new, collectively cooperative system of governing Europe, there were divisions from the beginning that were rooted to a certain extent in nationalism. While all the governments agreed on the restoration of conservative monarchy as the best form of restabilizing Europe, individual states had longer-term competitive issues that undermined the ideas of complete cooperation. There was competition between the states to ensure that the balance of power was not disrupted, not only to ensure a maintenance of peace, but also to ensure that no one territory got more than it was supposed to. For example, in the Greek Wars of Independence in 1821, Russia advocated supporting the Greek separation from the Ottoman Empire, but other states in the Congress, particularly England, feared that this would give Russia too great an influence in southeastern Europe, and lead Russia to a position of greater power than other states. In many respects, Britain was reluctant to become involved with the affairs of continental Europe; for example, it declined to become involved with the conflict in Spain in 1823.
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