In an experiment, participants are usually assigned to treatments using random assignment. The reason for using random assignment is ____
a. to allow the experimenter to manipulate participant variables
b. to allow the experimenter to manipulate environmental variables
c. to help control extraneous variables
d. to increase the reliability of the outcome measures
c
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Dangerous levels of overcrowding can be reduced by
a. making the entrances smaller than the exits. b. insisting on the use of queues. c. providing ways for people to escape from the situation if crowding becomes too great. d. minimize cross-flows within the crowd. e. taking all the precautions listed here.
John Watson proposed a definition of psychology that omitted all of the following EXCEPT
a. mental processes. c. consciousness. b. behavior. d. feelings and thoughts.
What best describes the requirements of the Rescorla-Wagner model of classical conditioning?
a. The conditioned stimulus must follow the unconditioned stimulus in an unpredictable cycle of responses. b. The conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus must be close in time and the conditioned stimulus must reliably predict the unconditioned stimulus. c. The unconditioned stimulus must follow the conditioned stimulus within 0 to 15 seconds. d. The conditioned stimulus must follow the unconditioned stimulus within 0 to 15 seconds and the conditioned stimulus must be unpredictable.
Albert Bandura identified three kinds of models in observational learning. What are they?
a. Live, verbal, and symbolic b. Oral, written, and visual c. Live, verbal, and visual d. Verbal, visual, and symbolic