When Veronica takes her headache medication, she has no headaches, but when she forgets, she has to immediately go home to bed because her headaches are that painful. In operant conditioning terms, Veronica's is using __________________.
A. positive reinforcement
B. negative reinforcement
C. avoidance therapy
D. extinction
B. negative reinforcement
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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. The amygdala is involved in the consolidation of emotional memories 2. Neurotransmission, or communication among neurons, is analogous to you sending a toy boat across a river to your friend on the other side 3. Neurotransmission between two neurons physically changes the synapse, or space between these neurons 4. Eric Kandel won the Nobel Prize by demonstrating long-term memory in the Aplysia, a one-celled organism 5. Kandel's work with Aplysia demonstrated that short-term memory involves the growth of new synaptic connections among neurons
According to the Carpenter and Daneman model, the encoding of a word will result in retrieving one or more concepts into
a. sensory memory. c. short-term memory. b. pattern recognition. d. long-term memory.
Degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord is characteristic of
A. polio. B. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. C. muscular dystrophy. D. myasthenia gravis.
Which developmentalist, reacting to Erikson's views, identified seven stages through which people pass, including an urgent need in middle adulthood to achieve one's life goals before the end?
A. Ravenna Helson B. George Vaillant C. Roger Gould D. Daniel Levinson