The nurse is caring for a patient who has been vomiting for 3 days. On which potential acid–base and electrolyte complications should the nurse focus when caring for this patient?
Select all that apply.
1. hypokalemia
2. metabolic alkalosis
3. metabolic acidosis
4. hypocalemia
5. hyponatremia
Correct Answer: 1, 2
With vomiting, decreased potassium results from potassium losses and metabolic alkalosis from loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach. Acidosis can occur when there is too much hydrochloric acid. While decreased calcium and sodium can be problematic, they are not associated with vomiting.
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