A patient with no documented drug allergies experiences a highly unpredictable response to a drug. The nurse realizes this patient experienced a(n):
a. drug tolerance c. drug allergy
b. idiosyncratic reaction d. adverse effect
B
An idiosyncratic reaction is a highly unpredictable response that may be manifested by overresponse, underresponse, or an atypical response. Because of its rare occurrence, it is impossible to predict beforehand the changes of this type of reaction. An adverse effect is a serious reaction by the patient to the medication and is generally sufficient reason for the medication to be discontinued. A drug allergy is an antigen-antibody immune reaction that occurs when an individual who has been previously exposed to a drug has developed antibodies against the drug. Drug tolerance occurs when the body becomes so accustomed to a specific drug that larger doses are needed to produce the desired therapeutic effect.
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A 64-year-old-patient has been prescribed lorazepam (Ativan) because of increasing periods of anxiety. The nurse should be careful to assess for
A) a diet high in fat. B) a history of current or past alcohol use. C) current nicotine use. D) a diet high in carbohydrates.
An adolescent describes her menstrual pattern to you. Which of the following observations is typical of a usual menstrual pattern?
A) Flow usually lasts 3 to 7 days. B) The usual cycle is 36 days. C) The average amount of flow is 500 mL. D) Menstruation typically begins at 18 years.
Select the most effective action a nurse can take to protect a client who has been recently diagnosed with thrombocytopenia
a. Have the client use a wheelchair whenever the client must leave the room. b. Increase the client's fluid intake to 3 liters per day to prevent a urinary tract infec-tion. c. When giving intramuscular injections, use the smallest needle possible to administer the medication. d. Limit visits to immediate family only for 10 minutes per hour.
A client who has been unable to conceive asks the nurse if it is her fault or her husband's fault that they have not been able to become pregnant. What is the nurse's best response?
1. "The male infertility factors are more common than female." 2. "Female infertility issues are more common than male issues." 3. "The testing the doctor will order will determine who is at fault." 4. "We will know more about what is causing your infertility after some tests are done."