Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today?
A) Evolution represents the result of selection for acquired characteristics.
B) Evolution is the production of adaptations that meet present and anticipated needs.
C) Evolution is the descent of humans from the present-day great apes.
D) Evolution is the differential survival and reproduction of the most-fit phenotypes.
Answer: D
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Which hormone is made by neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus?
a. antidiuretic hormone (ADH) b. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) c. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) d. melatonin e. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Consider the evolution of metabolic pathways. We believe that these pathways evolved from the
a. precursor to the end product, as enzymes became more efficient over time. b. precursor to the end product, as cells simplified the biochemistry of the external environment. c. end product to the precursor, as cells gradually evolved according to a predetermined plan. d. end product to the precursor, as intermediates in the pathway were depleted in the environment. e. end product to the precursor, as photosynthesis began to supply the energy to power the changes at each stage.
Enzyme found in retroviruses that produce DNA from an RNA template
(A) DNA ligase (B) DNA polymerase (C) RNA polymerase (D) Restriction enzyme (E) Reverse transcriptase
Which of the following is TRUE concerning the structure and function of enzymes?
A) All enzymes bind cofactors necessary for their function. B) An apoenzyme is a combination of a cofactor bound to a holoenzyme. C) Enzymes can function at a wide range of pH. D) Competitive inhibition of an enzyme occurs when an inhibitor binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme. E) After an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction, it resumes its original shape and can interact with a new substrate molecule.