Explain the phylogenetic relationship between humans, chimpanzees, and monkeys in the transmission of the current predominant deadly strain in humans, HIV-1
What will be an ideal response?
HIV-1 is believed to have originated in monkeys as an SIV (simian immunodeficiency virus); SIV was passed from monkeys to chimpanzees, and SIV was passed to and mutated into HIV-1 sometime around 1930.
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Describe the stages chlamydia cells go through during infection of human cells and the significance for the key steps in the cycle
What will be an ideal response?
Signal transduction pathways initiate activation of transcription after specific
A) TH cell death. B) ligand-receptor binding on the cell surface. C) cytokines diffuse across the cytoplasmic membrane. D) antigen-antibody binding.
One of the earliest uses of biotechnology was
A) creating transgenic organisms. B) creating bacteria that synthesized human insulin. C) extracting and using biochemicals from microorganisms. D) using yeast to ferment fruit into wine.
Organisms that grow on the surface of algae and marine plants are specifically called:
a. parasites. b. mutualists. c. anthophytes. d. epiphytes. e. epizooites.