Multiple pretest and posttest measures are valuable in before-and-after designs because they decrease the possibility of internal invalidity due to:
a. Selection
b. External events
c. Compensation
d. Interaction of testing and treatment
b. External events
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The Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution restricted which of the following psychoactive drugs?
a. heroin and other opiates b. cocaine c. tobacco d. alcohol
A hack is ______.
a. a violent and cynical keeper of inmates b. a new, untrained correctional officer c. a burned-out officer who does as little as possible d. a low-level bureaucrat
According to differential association theory, people become criminals because they:
a. watch too much violence on television. b. learn criminal techniques in prison treatment programs. c. are exposed to definitions favorable to violation of the law. d. have parents who break the law.
A Bureau of Justice Statistics report found that, on average, sentence lengthsfor defendants sent to jail or prison were __________ for those with publicly financedattorneys than those who hired counsel
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word