The nurse is explaining the difference between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to a group of student nurses. To illustrate descriptive statistics, the nurses uses as an example:
1. A positive correlation between breastfeeding and infant weight gain.
2. The infant mortality rate in the state of Oklahoma.
3. A causal relationship between the number of sexual partners and sexually transmitted diseases.
4. The total number of spontaneous abortions in drug-abusing women as compared with non–drug-abusing women.
2
Rationale 1: A positive correlation between two or more variables is an inferential statistic.
Rationale 2: The infant mortality rate in the state of Oklahoma is a descriptive statistic, because it describes or summarizes a set of data.
Rationale 3: A causal relationship between the number of sexual partners and sexually transmitted diseases is an inferential statistic.
Rationale 4: The total number of spontaneous abortions in drug-abusing women is an inferential statistic.
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