Some girls (but not boys) within gangs could be "sexed in" with the result that women in the gang as a whole were
a. devalued and disempowered: girls reminded they were lesser members and that unlike boys they could become victims of sexual exploitation.
b. Miller's interview data does not permit speculation on this matter.
c. none: one's status in gang depends solely on individual qualities not gender.
d. variable: girls who chose being sexed in were devalued but not true of girls who sought initiation by running the gauntlet.
A
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The reforms initiated by many correctional departments have created the perception of increased danger in the prison environment
a. True b. False
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1.Retreatist gang members are more “escapist” in their attitudes than conflict gang members, in that almost all of them abuse drugs and/or alcohol. 2.According to Merton, aberrant conduct may be viewed as a symptom of dissociation between culturally defined aspirations and socially structured means. 3.According to Merton, proscribed behavior becomes increasingly rare when the emphasis on the culturally induced success-goal becomes divorced from a coordinate institutional emphasis. 4.Research suggests that collective efficacy is an important construct that can be measured reliably at the neighborhood level. 5.The analysis by Osgood and Chambers did not find a meaningful relationship between rates of delinquency and rates of poverty.
Which position on punishment is most closely linked to retribution?
a. deterrence b. incapacitation c. just deserts d. restoration
Discuss one of the following cases: Edwards v. Arizona (1981), or Arizona v. Roberson (1988), or Minnick v. Mississippi (1991). Is the case selected consistent with Miranda? Has the law as represented in this case evolved to benefit defendants rather than the government?
What will be an ideal response?