The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

A) Factors released from phagocytes.
B) Factors released from damaged tissues.
C) Antigen-antibody reactions.
D) Polysaccharides and C3b.
E) C5-C9.


C) Antigen-antibody reactions.

Biology & Microbiology

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When cells of a facultative anaerobe such as Paracoccus denitrificans are growing under anaerobic conditions and using nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor, ________ nitrate reduction is occurring.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Biology & Microbiology

A tidal pattern of two equal high and low tides per day is called a:

a. mixed semidiurnal tide. b. semidiurnal tide. c. diurnal tide. d. spring tide. e. neap tide.

Biology & Microbiology

What step occurred first in the evolution of life?

a. formation of DNA b. formation of protein-RNA systems c. formation of membrane-bound proto-cells d. spontaneous formation of organic compounds under abiotic conditions e. formation of ATP

Biology & Microbiology

What is the name given to the viral DNA incorporated into a lysogenic cell?

a. Prophage b. Oncogenic virus c. Latent phage d. Bacteriophage

Biology & Microbiology